Computer Logic
In this section of Computer Logic you will find out about number systems and their conversions, Boolean algebra, and Ohm's and Kirchhoff's laws.
Number conversions allow a person to translate computer language to human. There are three number conversion types to decimal and one to binary
To Decimal:
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To Binary:
To convert to binary number from decimal number we need to use the formula :
Number / Base = new Number | Left where new Number becomes Number after each cycle and Left represents the binary code. To convert 19110 to binary we will keep dividing Number until it is 0.
To find the binary number just read the Left number from bottom to top. The binary number is 101111112 |
Knowing the Boolean algebra gives you an ability to predict computer's output after giving it a set of instructions. There are three gates in the Boolean algebra.
AND gate: there are two inputs and one output. The input and output can only be 1 (high) or 0 (low). The truth table is as follows:
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OR gates: there are two inputs and one output. The input and output can only be 1 (high) or 0 (low). The truth table is as follows:
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NOT gates: there is one input and one output. The input and output can only be 1 (high) or 0 (low). The truth table is as follows:
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Ohm's and Kirchhoff's laws relate to the electricity and electrical circuits
Ohm's Law:
Ohm's law states that the current is directly proportional to the potential difference between two points. The triangle on the left shows the equation of V = IR where V is voltage, I current, and R resistance. With any of the two variables given it is possible to find the third one.
If the battery provides 20V and the total resistance is 10Ω the current can be found by applying the formula: V / R = I => 20 / 10 = 2. The current is found to be 2A. |
Kirchhoff's Current Law:
Kirchhoff's Current Law states that the amount of current entering a junction is equal to current exiting a junction. He stated that in a series circuit the current is constant at every point which gives the formula IT = I1 = I2 = I3. However, for a parallel circuit the current is split between the resistors. The formula for a parallel circuit is IT = I1 + I2 + I3.
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law:
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law says that the total potential increase is equal to total potential decrease. The law states that the total voltage is separated between the resistors located in a series. The formula is found to be VT = V1 + V2 + V3. For a parallel circuit the voltage remains constant through out every resistor which means that VT = V1 = V2 = V3.
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